Old SymbolsWhere every symbol began

Plate 1 A letter like an angular R

Raido

The Elder Futhark rune for the “r” sound. Its name, *raidu, meant riding or a journey on horseback.

Elder Futhark runes. Also called rad, raidho, reið.

Meaning

Store norske leksikon gives the reconstructed name *raidu, Old Norse reið, “riding, a journey on horseback, a wagon”. The Icelandic rune poem calls riding the “joy of the horseman and speedy journey and toil of the steed”; the Norwegian poem says riding “is said to be the worst thing for horses”. The Old English poem makes a joke of it: riding seems easy to a warrior “while he is indoors”, and takes courage on the high roads “on the back of a stout horse”.

Origin and history

The English name was rad, which the Bosworth–Toller dictionary lists as “the name of the Runic R”. Bruce Dickins records a second reading suggested to him by Professor Chadwick: that the proper name of the letter is rada, related to Old Norse reiði, tackle or harness, which would give the English stanza a double meaning of furniture indoors and harness on the road.

Write in runes

stringmash.comRune translatorTurn English into Elder Futhark, Younger Futhark or Anglo-Saxon runes, with a chart of all 24 Elder Futhark runes.

See also

Uruz, Thurisaz, Ansuz, Kaunan, Gebo, Wunjo.

Sources

  1. Runer (Store norske leksikon), Store norske leksikon, Runenavn (table of rune names)
  2. Runic and heroic poems of the old Teutonic peoples, Bruce Dickins (ed. and trans.), 1915, Cambridge University Press (Internet Archive), Anglo-Saxon poem v. 13 and note; Norwegian poem 5; Icelandic poem 5
  3. rád (Bosworth–Toller Anglo-Saxon Dictionary), Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (1898), online edition, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, entry “rád”

Last reviewed September 26, 2026 by Rory Hansen. How we research

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